Jurnal Penelitian Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia

EFFECTIVENESS OF SUGAR CANE WASTE (ACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) AS AN ADSORBENT USING THE PYROLYSIS METHOD TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF SUGAR INDUSTRY WASTEWATER

Hifdzil Adila — 2024-06-13

Sugarcane bagasse is a by-product of the sugar industry which contains high levels of cellulose which can be used in making adsorbents. Another by-product of the sugar industry is liquid waste which contains dangerous pollutants which can damage river ecosystems, sugarcane bagasse adsorbent can be used to overcome river pollution caused by sugar industry wastewater, the process of making sugarcane bagasse adsorbent using the pyrolysis method is considered more effective because This method can convert long lignocellulosic chains into active carbon, so this research aims to determine the effectiveness of sugarcane bagasse adsorbents made using the pyrolysis method in dealing with river pollution caused by wastewater. The research method used is the gravimetric method for measuring water content and ash content, and the calculation method for measuring pH values and yield. The analysis used is analysis of water content, ash content, pH and yield which will later be compared with charcoal standards according to SNI 06-4369-1995. The research results showed that the water content and ash content values were 13.92% and 8.05%, which met the SNI 06-3730-1995 standard regarding activated charcoal. Apart from that, the pH value was obtained at 9.91 and the yield was 5.80%, where this value was influenced by the activation of activated charcoal and the pyrolysis process that occurred in the bagasse.

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF LIGHTGBM MODEL IN PREDICTING RAIN INTENSITY IN THE KUALANAMU CLASS 1 METEOROLOGICAL STATION AREA

Didik Kurniawan — 2024-06-13

The intensity of rain or rainfall that occurs is influenced by various weather parameters and it plays a big role for the community. Therefore, information related to rain intensity is very important, there is a need for the availability of information related to this. This study aims to analyze the performance of Machine Learning using the Light Gradient Boosting Machine model in predicting the intensity of rainfall in the Kualanamu Meteorological Station area during the 2018-2022 time span. Historical data collection is done through synoptic data collection that has been issued by Kualanamu class 1 Meteorological Station. Several matrix evaluations are used in the form of Accuracy, AUC (Area Under the Curve), Recall, Precision, and F1 Score. The matrix evaluation is able to produce detailed evaluation calculations and is able to measure how well the model works. Then the average value of the matrix evaluation is 0.7251 for accuracy, 0.8122 for AUC, 0.7251 for Recall, 0.7236 for Precision and 0.7231 for F1 Score. Based on the results obtained, the Light Gradient Boosting Machine model is able to provide good rain intensity prediction results but there is a need for further analysis in the model development stage, focusing on reducing the error rate and increasing prediction accuracy so as to make a significant contribution to the planning and decision-making process related to weather conditions.

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF VAPOUR LINE JUICE HEATER (VLJH) AT PURIFICATION STATION (CASE STUDY OF PRADJEKAN SUGAR FACTORY)

Fitri Wulandari — 2024-06-13

One of the sugar factories operated by a State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) is Pradjekan Sugar Factory, which is part of PT Sinergi Gula Nusantara (PT SGN) which is located in Bondowoso Regency, East Java. PG Pradjekan is known as an industry that supplies its own energy which comes from the by-product of sugar cane milling in the form of bagasse at the Boiler Station. The sugar production process requires a very large amount of steam so efficiency is needed in the use of this steam. The aim of this research is to streamline the use of steam using the Vapor Line Juice Heater (VLJH) at the Purification Station and calculate the economic value of fuel savings used by using the Vapor Line Juice Heater (VLJH). The results of the technical analysis of the use of VLJH at the Refining Station show that the use of VLJH can reduce the use of steam by 2.49 tonnes/hour or equivalent to the use of 341.10 tonnes of bagasse worth IDR 170,547,765 for 120 days. The investment was evaluated using the Payback Period (PP), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Net Present Value (NPV) techniques. The analysis revealed that the value of IDR 441,981,119 for the NPV > 0. Additionally, IRR value of 53.98% > 12% was calculated, indicating that the installation of VLJH yielded a higher rate of return on investment than the highest interest rate assumption. The PP value was calculated for 1.47 years based on the 8-year economic life of the VLJH.

REDESIGN OF THE PACKAGING DESIGN FOR ORENG OSING TYPICAL BANYUWANGI SOUVES USING THE METHOD QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD)

Devi Sisca Emilia — 2024-06-13

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendesain ulang kemasan sekunder oleholeh khas
Banyuwangi yaitu bagiak Oreng Osing. Kemasan yang dimiliki bagiak Oreng Osing
kurang menarik dari segi tata letak penulisan, warna yang kurang sesuai dengan produk
yang dikemas, bahan kemasan yang digunakan mudah tergores/rusak dan kurang kuat
sehingga mengakibatkan produk yang dikemas kurang terlindungi. Metode Quality
Function Deployment (QFD) digunakan untuk melakukan pengembangan produk melalui
perancangan kemasan dan desain kemasan dengan cara menyatukan apa yang konsumen
inginkan dan apa yang dapat dilakukan produsen untuk memenuhi keinginan konsumen
tersebut. Analisis QFD dilakukan dengan fokus pada aspek warna, bahan, ukuran, bentuk,
merek/brand dan label. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atribut kebutuhan yang
paling diinginkan oleh konsumen terkait dengan kemampuan kemasan dalam melindungi
produk, dengan nilai tertinggi pada atribut tersebut mencapai 3,92. Meskipun demikian,
analisis juga mengungkapkan beberapa aspek desain kemasan yang belum sepenuhnya
memenuhi harapan konsumen. Melalui partisipasi konsumen, evaluasi pesaing, dan
implementasi teknologi inovatif, perancangan ulang kemasan ini bertujuan untuk
menciptakan desain yang lebih memikat dan memenuhi ekspektasi konsumen. Melalui penelitian ini, diharapkan perancangan ulang desain kemasan Bagiak Oreng Osing dapat
meningkatkan daya saing produk di pasar dan memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap
kepuasan konsumen.

Characteristics of Silk Tofu with Chitosan Edible Coating During Storage

Dina Hanifatul Ula — 2024-06-13

Silk tofu is a soybean-based food that is widely consumed by Indonesian people. However silk tofu is a food that is highly perishable, this means that silk tofu cannot last long. Preservation of silk tofu is necessary so that the shelf life and durability of silk tofu is longer. One way to naturally preserve silk tofu uses chitosan as an edible coating. This research was conducted to determine the best treatment for applying chitosan edible coating by exploring the characteristics of silk tofu during storage to extend the shelf life of silk tofu. This research was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors consisting of 10 treatments and 3 repetitions. The treatment applied was using various chitosan concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% and using soaking times of 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The research results showed that applying chitosan edible coating to silk tofu with variations in concentration and soaking time produced different characteristics of silk tofu based on the results of color, water content, pH and organoleptic tests. The best type of treatment based on the effectiveness index test is silk tofu 1%; 10', that is silk tofu with a chitosan concentration of 1% and a soaking time of 10 minutes with a yield value of 0.823. Silk tofu 1%; 10' on day 8 has color test results L: 90.8; color b: 11.5; water content: 73.34%; pH: 5.54; organoleptic color: score 6; aroma: score 6; texture: score 5.5; and overall: score 6.

EFFECT OF KEPOK BANANA PEEL POWDER ADSORBENT (Musa Paradisiaca L.) AND GRANULATED ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ON THE QUALITY OF USED COOKING OIL

Chantika Putri — 2024-06-13

Used cooking oil is cooking oil that has been damaged. Purification of used cooking oil can utilize additional adsorbents as additional materials for the adsorption process. This research aims to determine the effect of adding granulated activated charcoal adsorbents and kepok banana peel powder on the quality of used cooking oil and determine the best treatment based on the specified test parameters. The used cooking oil purification method used is neutralization and bleaching. Each treatment will be repeated 3 times and the data will be processed using the SPSS application. The research results show that purified used cooking oil has a brightness value (L*) ranging from 64.30 – 62.67. The yield value for each treatment ranged from 73.137% - 62.093%. The water content value in each treatment has a value ranging from 0.013% - 0.046%. The free fatty acid value in each treatment ranged from 0.188% - 0.137%. The peroxide value in each treatment ranged from 6.00 – 2.33 mEk O2/kg. Meanwhile, the organoleptic parameter for aroma has a value between 4.0 – 4.9 and color has a value between 3.8 – 4.3. So the best treatment using MPE is the A2B3 treatment (15 gr : 10 gr).

UTILIZATION OF DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS) PEEL WASTE INTO ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY BIO-BATTERY RAW MATERIALS

Annisa Salsabila — 2024-06-13

This research aims to reduce durian skin waste by making bio-battery raw materials that are environmentally friendly. In addition, this research also aims to test the effectiveness of the battery by testing voltage, current, and power. This research is experimental research with the method used observation and measurement. Based on the results obtained, pasta batteries with variations in the ratio of durian peel mass and electrolyte mass produce varying voltages and electric currents. The optimal variation is in the first combination with 5 grams of durian peel and 20 grams of electrolyte, which produces the highest power of 4.50 Watts. There is no significant effect between the mass of durian peel and the mass of electrolyte on the voltage and current of the paste battery. Paste batteries with full durian produce lower voltage, amperage, and power compared to paste batteries with variations in the ratio of durian peel mass and electrolyte mass.

Aroma Detection of Beef and Pork using Electronic Nose Based on MQ3 and MQ5 Sensors

Ahmad Nafi — 2024-06-13

The unstable availability and trading system of beef has resulted in many acts of pork adulteration by irresponsible parties. This action disadvantages consumers, especially Muslim consumers. Based on this, a rapid detection method for aroma identification is needed. The rapid aroma detection in this research uses an electronic nose based on MQ3 and MQ5 sensors with Arduino Mega as a microcontroller. Digital data displayed using Cool Term software is processed using Microsoft Excel and analyzed descriptively. The sensing process uses beef and pork with a temperature of 40 to 120^oC at every 10^oC increase. Based on the results, the optimum sensing temperature to differentiate beef and pork is at 70^oC. The sensor response pattern and beef and pork flavor print showed significant differences. Using PCA analysis with a total score plot of 100% shows that the electronic nose based on MQ3 and MQ5 sensors can detect differences in the aroma of beef and pork.